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Hole's Human Anatomy and Physiology13th EditionDavid N. Shier, Jackie L. Butler, Ricki Lewis 1,402 solutions Human Anatomy8th EditionElaine N. Marieb, Jon B. Mallatt, Patricia Brady Wilhelm 1,433 solutions According to the Cell Theory, which statement is Incorrect ? ALL ORGANISMS ARE MADE UP OF MULTIPLE CELLS When your upper
arm muscle contracts, what is producing the movement ? PROTEINS WITHIN CELLS OF THE BICEP BRACHII SLIDE PAST EACH OTHER LENGTHWISE Which is NOT one of the three major components of a typical Eukaryotic Cell? Which part of the cell structure acts as the digestive system of cell, breaking down materials ? Where in a Eukaryotic Cell would you find genes ? IN THE DNA WITHIN CELLS NUCLEUS True/False : Cells join together to form organelles, which forms our organs and organ systems What is the main component of the cell membrane ? Which is a characteristic of the cell membrane ? What function is NOT a major function of proteins in the cell membrane? FORMING THE ENTIRE GLYCOCALYX Which part of the cell membrane is usually in contact with Interstitial fluid ? PHOSPHATE HEADS OF A PHOSPHOLIPID Which solute would move the fastest? For solutes to move by diffusion, which characteristic does NOT affect the rare across the membrane ? THE POTENTIAL ENERGY OF SOLUTE and THE MEMBRANE PORE SIZE Solutes are transported through the dialysis membrane by : Which membranes would sodium chloride diffuse? 50 MWCO, 100 MWCO, & 200 MWCO MOVEMENT OF MOLECULES FROM AN AREA OF [HIGH] to [LOW] CONCENTRATION What is the difference between simple diffusion and facilitated diffusion? IN FACILITATED, MOLECULES ONLY MOVE WITH THE AID OF A PROTEIN IN MEMBRANE What would most likely INCREASE the rate of diffusion? SMALL CONCENTRATION GRADIENT What components are part of the Active Process ? SECONDARY ACTIVE TRANSPORT What components are part of the Passive Process ? FACILITATED DIFFUSION Secondary Active Transport : HIGH to LOW *Na + LOW TO HIGH *Glucose Primary Active Transport : HIGH to Low *Na+ LOW to HIGH * K+ Solution A contains 1% glucose and Solution B contains 5% of glucose. By diffusion: GLUCOSE WILL MOVE FROM B TO A Solution A contains 1% glucose and Solution B contains 5% glucose. By Osmosis : WATER WILL MOVE FROM SOLUTION A TO B If the ECF is more concentrated than Cytosol, then the ECF is : If the ECF is Hypotonic, the cell will: True/False : Is Na+/K+ pump a passive process ? True/False : Each single chromosome contains one single gene Each individual gene does : CARRIES THE INSTRUCTIONS FOR MAKING A SINGLE POLYPEPTIDE True/False : DNA carries amino acids to the ribosome Before a cell can divide, what must occur during Interphase ? EACH CHROMATIN FIBER IS DUPLICATED IN THE NUCLEUS First to Last Steps of DNA Synthesis : 1. DNA STRANDS SEPARATE AS HELICASE UNWINDS THEM How many homologous chromosome pairs are present in most human cells ? What organelle modifies polypeptides so they can fold into functional proteins ? ROUGH ENDOPLASMIC RETICULUM Where does Protein Synthesis occur ? A long, thin strand of DNA and its associated proteins are called : What organelle degrades old, worn-out organelles ? Within nucleus, where does ribosome assembly occur ? Which of the following functions is NOT associated with Peroxisomes ? DIGESTING WORN-OUT ORGANELLES Which organelle is NOT part of the Endomembrane System ? Reactions of oxidative catabolism, occurs in the mitochondrion ONLY in the presence of : Before export, products made by the Endoplasmic reticulum are modified, sorted, and packaged by : Which cellular extension can increase surface area of the plasma membrane up to 40%? What is the name of the long cellular extension that moves in a whiplike manner to propel a whole cell ? Which of the following functions does NOT relate to the Smooth Endoplasmic Reticulum ? Which of the following proteins is NOT a long filament found in the cytoskeleton ? What protein subunits compromise microtubules ? Which organelle has a 2nd Inner Membrane that has folds called Cristae and a Matrix ? Which is NOT a function associated with Intermediate Filaments within the cell? ASSOCIATING WITH MOTOR PROTEINS TO MOVE VESICLES AND ORGANELLES THROUGHOUT THE CELL The short structures located in Respiratory passages that sweep out mucus is called : _____ are tightly coiled and condensed bar like structures that separate during Anaphase Muscle cells require an abundant amount of ATP, therefore muscle cells have numerous _____ Human cells that LACK centrioles CANNOT _____ A _____ is a three-nucleotide sequence of mRNA that specifies a single amino acid What tRNA anticodon is complementary to mRNA codon GUA? A final mRNA transcript of 300 nucleotides would code for ____ amino acids How many chromosomes would each daughter cell have if a cell has 24 chromosomes during G1 phase and undergoes Mitosis ? During which phase of mitosis are sister chromatids separated and pulled to opposite poles ? What process of the M phase divides the genetic material of a cell? The indentation that forms during telophase of mitosis is called : Cell division occurs during _____ What brings amino acids to the ribosome during translation ? During which phase of the cell cycle does the Mitotically spindle form ? What is the start codon sequence that initiates translation ? What are the two major steps of gene expression that produce a protein from a gene ? TRANSCRIPTION and TRANSLATION Correct order of the phases of cell cycle ? INTERPHASE Transcribe mRNA from DNA : 5-T A C G G T A G T-3 What is the role of RNA polymerase in transcription ? RNA polymerase binds to the DNA promoter and builds an mRNA molecule Which of the following isn’t a structure of RNA What is the non dividing state called when cells get stalled indefinitely during the cell cycle ? Which factors is NOT an extracellular signal that regulates progression through cell cycle checkpoints ? AMOUNT OF CARBON DIOXIDE IN THE ECF Where does transcription of Genomic DNA into RNA occur ? What RNA sequence is complementary to the DNA sequence A T G C C A T C G ____ join amino acids together to build a polypeptide chain during translation ____ is the process of cancer cells spreading to other tissues Active transport of solutes across the plasma membrane_____ REQUIRES CELLS TO EXPEND ENERGY (ATP) Cytosol is also known as ____ Neurotransmitters are released from secretory vesicles in neurons by a process called ___ A blood cell placed in a hypertonic solution will____ At the concentration of a cell at 3% in a dextrose solution, the solution is isotonic to the cell. If the concentration of dextrose is increase to 5%, the cell is now in_____ A molecular machine that performs a specific function for the cell is ____ ____stabilizes the structure of the plasma membrane when the temperature changes Which is the best statement that describes the structure of the plasma membrane ? THE PLASMA MEMBRANE IS A PHOSPHOLIPID BILAYER SURROUNDING THE CELL Ingesting cellular debris occurs in a process called ____ Which function is associated with many plasma membrane proteins ? MOLECULAR TRANSPORT THROUGH THE MEMBRANE Which component is NOT one of the three main parts of a cell? What is transported across a membrane during Osmosis The Na+/K+ pump transports_____out of the cell for every ____ moved into the cell THREE SODIUM IONS; TWO POTASSIUM IONS Where is MOST of the cells DNA? The main component of Cytosol is ? Simple diffusion requires _____ Carbon dioxide is a small molecule that moves through the phospholipid bilayer with its concentration gradient by ____ Two types of active transport VIA vesicles are____ ENDOCYTOSIS and EXOCYTOSIS Which type of membrane transport is NOT adenosine triphosphate (ATP) dependent ? Sodium ions move across the plasma membrane through a carrier protein using no energy in ______ A 0.9% normal saline solution is often administered with intravenous medication because it is _____ to the bloodstream Because both phospholipid bilateral have non polar and polar parts, they are classified as____ _____ are channels that allow the majority of water to enter and exit the cell Which of the following transmembrane proteins does NOT transport solutes using facilitated diffusion Which is NOT one of the three major components of animal cells ? Which is NOT found in the cytoplasm ? Which membrane component is important for cell-cell recognition ? Cholesterol in the plasma membrane ____ STABILIZES THE STRUCTURE OF THE PLASMA MEMBRANE WHEN THE TEMPERATURE CHANGES Current model of the plasma membrane is called ____ Which is used to export large molecules out of the cell ? Which membrane transport mechanisms requires ATP What is the function of lysosomes ? DIGEST and RECYLE DAMAGED ORGANELLES Nerve cells do not have centrioles, therefore they are NOT able to _____ Which is NOT a function associated with the cytoskeleton ? SERVES AS THE SITE FOR METABOLIC REACTIONS SUCH AS PROTEIN SYNTHESIS If a cells translation machinery is impaired, the cell will be unable to ____ If the DNA triplet is ATC, the tRNA anticodon will be ____ What is NOT a phases of Interphase ? What is true about replication ? REPLICATION IS SEMICONSERVATIVE Cytokinesis occurs with what stage ? The enzyme that synthesizes the new DNA strand during replication is___ The tRNA codon complementary to mRNA codon: UAC If a cell has 18 chromosomes and undergoes mitosis, how many chromosomes would each daughter cell have ? True/False : Cells may lyse when placed into a hypertonic environment Protein Synthesis In order : 1. DNA UNCOILS FOR TRANSCRIPTION Before mRNA is transcribed from a gene that can be used for translation into a protein, must be : MODIFIED TO REMOVE INTRONS, EXONS SPLICED TOGETHER, and TRANSPORTED INTO CYTOSOL What component of the nucleus is composed of DNA The unit of DNA that specifies a certain amino acid is called ____, the same unit of mRNA is called_____, which during protein synthesis is matched by the ____ of tRNA TRIPLET; CODON; ANTICODON Which statement best describes Secondary Active Transport ? OCCURS WHEN ONE SUBSTANCE IS COUPLED WITH THE PASSIVE TRANSPORT OF A SECOND SUBSTANCE Which organelle has a second inner membrane that has folds called cristae and a matrix?Mitochondria are bounded by a double-membrane system, consisting of inner and outer membranes. Folds of the inner membrane (cristae) extend into the matrix.
What protein subunits comprise microtubules?A microtubule is made up of tubulin proteins arranged to form a hollow, straw-like tube, and each tubulin protein consists of two subunits, α-tubulin and β-tubulin. Microtubules, like actin filaments, are dynamic structures: they can grow and shrink quickly by the addition or removal of tubulin proteins.
What are the organelles that digest and dispose of worn out mitochondria and other organelles by a process called autophagy?lysosome, subcellular organelle that is found in nearly all types of eukaryotic cells (cells with a clearly defined nucleus) and that is responsible for the digestion of macromolecules, old cell parts, and microorganisms.
What are channels that allow the majority of water to enter and exit the cell?11.4 Aquaporins. Aquaporins are transmembrane proteins that regulate the flow of water into and out of cells. For many years, it was thought that water movement into and out of the cell was (1) not regulated in any manner and (2) could be accounted for by simple diffusion across the cell membrane.
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______________ are tightly coiled and condensed barlike structures that separate during anaphase.
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